Archaeologists

spacer2Archaeologists are increasingly staking a claim, and rightly, to being scientists as their disciplines include an expanding dependence upon evidence management and diagnostic tests. Thus, one might think of them as “scientific historians,” as their hypotheses and conclusions increasingly depend upon scientific insights and rigorous physical proofs.  This increase in тур по Калининграду на 5 дней analytical rigor enhances the archaeologist’s traditional role of supplementing written history with material evidence, which often contradicts history written exclusively by elites. Most exciting of all are the possibilities to better understand the preliterate and the untranslatable civilizations, which are evidenced only by their ruins.

Recently, archaeology has expanded its activities to include more modern artifacts, dating up to the twentieth century.  The consequence of this is to enrich written history with illustrative artifacts, to bring to light that which was overlooked, and to contradict historic misstatements.

The following list is selected from those who have advanced my understanding of the post-glacial period (Holocene) in the geographic arena of the Raising Up Pharaoh epic. This understanding includes: paleoclimatology, technology, flora, fauna, and material culture, as well as analysis of earlier and later stages of civilization—the essentials for interpolating, or extrapolating backwards into the story’s setting.

One final caveat regarding this list: Raising Up Pharaoh is a fictional account of what might have happened in a tiny and far distant sliver of time, and takes great liberties with what these archaeologists and other writers might theorize in their peer-reviewed and scientific profession. But, I owe these professionals a debt of gratitude for shining light on those dark, distant times, and igniting my imagination with a setting for a high-stakes epic romance and adventure.

 

Akkermans, Professor Dr. Peter

  • University of Leiden, Early and Late Neolithic in Syria
  • Tell Sabi Abyad

Albright, William Foxwell

  • Pioneer of the theory and methodology of Biblical Archaeology

Bass, George Fletcher

  • Institute of Nautical Archaeology
  • Uluburun Shipwreck

Breasted, James Henry

  • “Wikipedia”
  • Google pictures
  • The Human Adventure 1934 film by Breasted
  • (YouTube) “OI Lecture on Collecting Antiquities the Old-fashioned way.

Burke, Aaron A.

  • Warfare in Levant and Ancient Israel.

Casson, Lionel

  • Ancient Maritime

Castor, Alexis Q.

  • Franklin & Marshall College

Cline, Eric H.

  • Trade in Ancient Mediterranian

Dalley, Stephanie M.

  • Mesopotamian Literature and Religion

Drews, Robert

  • Warfare and Religion in Prehistory

Edwards, Iorwerth E. S.

  • Egyption and Assyrian Antiquities

Fagan, Brian

  •  Synthesis and Interpretation of Prehistory.

Jacobsen, Thorkild

  •  Assyriology and Sumerian literature.

James, T. G. H.

  • Egyptologists.

Kemp, Barry J.

  •  Egyptologist .

Kenoyer, Jonathan Mark

  • Harappan Civilization .

Kenyon, Kathleen

  • Jericho. 

Kramer, Samuel Noah

  • Sumerian history and language

Magoffin, Ralph Van Deman

  •  “The Romance of Archaeology”

Mazar, Amihay

  • Chalcolithic En Gedi Temple, Gasullian culture .

McIntosh, Jane

  • Indus Valley. Harappan civilization .

Midant-Reynes, Béatrix

  • Neolithic Egypt.

Mithen, Steven J.

  • Early Holocene.

Nissen, Hans Jörg

  • Institute for Ancient Near Eastern Archaeology

Peilstöcker, Martin

  • Bronze Age Israel

Petrie, Sir William Matthew Flinders

  • Pioneer of scientific archaeology in Egypt and Palestine

Postgate, Nicholas

  •  Early Mesopotamian Society and Economy.

 Redford, Donald B.

  • Egyptology

 Renfrew, Colin

  •  Proto-Indo-European.

 Roaf, Michael

  •   Ancient Iranian studies and Assyriology

 Romer, John

  • Egyptian prehistory
  • John  Romer You tube

Roux, Georges

  •  Iraq prehistory

Stein, Gil

  • Director of the Oriental Institute
  •  Ubaid Mesopotamia

Trigger, Bruce G

  • Development of Archaeololgical Thought.

Wachsmann, Shelley 

  • Ships in Bronze Age Levant

Weeks, Kent R

  • Egyptology

 Wooley, Sir Leonard

  • Wikipedia
  • Encyclopedia Britannica
  • Penn Museum, Obituary
  • VIDEO: Treasures of the Royal Tombs at Ur
  • VIDEO: The Standard of Ur